Human behavior impacts the world around us. From disease control to climate change, understanding human behavior through the lens of evolutionary dynamics provides useful insights and implications for making the world a better place. This multi-disciplinary, data-driven modeling approach combines various introspective processes with interpersonal interactions by accounting for interdependent biological and social network processes across different yet interconnected network layers. In this talk, we will present recent work on modeling complex, multi-faceted human behavior across diverse domains in critical issues of societal importance, ranging from socio-cognitive biases to pandemic compliance. The talk will also discuss the importance of bottom-up behavior and attitude changes, as well as large-scale human cooperation, in addressing urgent challenges facing our common humanity.